<b>Rosenthal and Jacobsen</b> Self fulfilling prophecy- Teacher’s beliefs about students had been influenced by their test results. Worser ——> Less attention and encouragement.

Lacey  Students gain anti school or pro school subcultures depending on how they’re treated by teachers.

<b>Althusser</b> Repressive state apparatuses + Ideological state apparatuses <b>Becker</b> Ideal pupil, self fulfilling prophecy and different treatment based on labels

Bowles & Gintis The correspondence principle + Hidden Curriculum + Myth of Meritocracy

Willis ’Learning to Labour’ Boys anti-school subcultures (laddish subcultures)

<b>Bourdieu </b> Three types of capital Middle class have more so they are more successful. Cultural- language, tastes, knowledge. Gives the abikity to grasp and analyse abstract ideas. Economic capital helps get educational capital through private schools, extra tuition e.t.c.

Sewell  Gamngs and gang culture- Fatherless boys are drawn into gangs. Offers a sense of identity and status. (More prominent in black boys) Feminisation of education- Lack of male role models. Shift to coursework over exams.